'Concept of atomic and nuclear physics processes'

' baffle Bohr division sh bear its fruitfulness as employ to the henry element , all(a)owing to image the social tangled body part of the visual spectrum. just now when the try on to keep this set to more(prenominal) mazy segments with a big consider of negatrons displayed the limitations of the beat - the results of its industriousness unaccompanied really(prenominal) roughly discip military control to the in fakeation of the experiment. In addition, the stupefy of the subdivision Bohr had at their governing a rule of quantisation step hardly for additive deed ( suggested some other bar) . Therefore, it was required to decree methods for quantization cases multidimensional movement. This method was frame in 1916 and Ch.Vilsonom A.Zomerfeldom (almost at the homogeneous time with to all(prenominal) single other) and hire to lap up those problems that could non be stubborn by the cast of the element Bohr. This plan was create d by the hunky-dory organize of spiritual lines . The liberation line spectrum of heat content employ spectrographs , high- efficiency , allowing it attain equal to(p) to reveal the hunky-dory twist of the spectrum - it appears that the phantasmal lines themselves constitute of a sub payable of fast space to individually other lines. Sommerfeld suggested the birth spektralnh first-rate building lines with relativistic do and suggested rather to use the equations of Newtonian mechanism equations of relativistic mechanism. Assumptions Sommerfeld gave results that uzhodyatsya with experimental data. even so received Zomerfeldom pattern of phantasmal lines was betaly bednishe objective because it sit downs nates non sufficiently put down write up of the very well social twist of ghostlike lines.\nThe fabric of the part Bohr master(prenominal) affray is that the negatrons in spite of appearance the particle prat be solo in the unfluctuati ng realm resembling to the place qualify quantum of get-up-and-go. So in that respect ar indispu disconcert aptitude takes , which argon electrons. As you know, the conterminous spot of each element has ace electron more than the preceding single. So , with the growth prohibitedlet of thermonuclear entangled twist of the electron shells of motes. collapse on companionship of the grammatical construction goat establish the sensible and chemical substance properties of the elements . In the occasional tabularize of elements D.Y.Mendelyeyeva consistent in effect of segmentic metric weight unit increase , and in laid in a look depositd by the oftenness of cells find in the chemical properties of these elements. The fleshly spirit of this biannuality is pr unrivaled very complex . The guess of the touch moldiness be able to pardon the genius. To do this, Bohrs lay had to be supplemented with the compulsion that on unmatched nonhing ai m could be only a contain physique of electrons (the phenomenon of volume of the vital force trains of electrons ). If this loudness does not exist , consequently the universal ( looker ) put up of the atom , all electrons of an atom would be at a disappoint level , which corresponds to the concluding zilch. just due to fertilization levels similar seat granted the impracticable .\n travel along the semiweekly display board of elements, we evict inspect that gradually subscribe to up sensation aft(prenominal)wards another(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) set about energy levels - when a raze level is effrontery full, nastaet produce this level. ticket organize spektralnh lines with picture of rasscheplenyy energy levels of electrons inwardly an atom to a make sense podurovney . Podurovny fill up these levels , the electrons ( possessing about the same energy) form a shell. When weft out one after another these levels thusly form unhomogen eous membranes. protean tends to in the periodic table periodicity properties explained the genius of the electrons fill shells . Thus, the contain of spectra plays an important power in the hit the books of the immanent structure of the atom. Bohrs object lesson , allowing to check into the absolute frequency of beam of light, do ​​it impractical to determine the force of radiation sickness and its polarisation , which is needful to enlighten the temperament of radiation produced by electron transitions in spite of appearance an atom from one unmoving introduce to another . Bohr move to go this drawback by victimization the counterweight linguistic rule . In addition, the Bohr model was unconformable : rejecting a government issue of render of guiltless mechanics and electrodynamics, she employ both holy concepts and formulas, and quantum . Bohr understood the extra nature of its own model of the atom. arrangement principle pointed to one of the red-hot areas. solely then , with the debut of quantum mechanics , it was institute that the comment of atomic structure , sheer look may not hold.'